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Variables in Dart

Variables are containers used to store value in the program. There are different types of variables where we can store different types of values. Here is an example of creating a variable and initializing it.

// here variable name contains value John.
var name = "John";

Types Of Variables​

They are called data types. We will learn more about data types later in this dart tutorial.

  • String: For storing text value. E.g. “John” [Must be in quotes]
  • int: For storing integer value. E.g. 10, -10, 8555 [Decimal is not included]
  • double: For storing floating point value. E.g. 10.0, -10.2, 85.698 [Decimal is included]
  • num: For storing any types of number. E.g. 10, 20.2, -20 [both int and double]
  • bool: For storing true or false value. E.g. true, false [Only stores true or false values]
  • var: For storing any value. E.g. ‘Bimal’, 12, ‘z’, true

Syntax​


type variableName = value;

Example​

Note

Always use the descriptive variable name. Don’t use a variable name like a, b, c because this will make your code more complex.

Rules For Creating Variables In Dart​

  • Variable names are case sensitive, i.e., a and A are different.
  • A variable name can consist of letters and alphabets.
  • A variable name cannot start with number.
  • Keywords are not allowed to use as a variable name.
  • Blank spaces are not allowed in a variable name.
  • Special characters are not allowed except for the underscore (_) and the dollar ($) sign.

Constant In Dart​

Constant is the type of variable whose value never changes. In programming, changeable values are mutable and unchangeable values are immutable. Sometimes, you don’t need to change the value once declared. Like the value of PI=3.14, it never changes. To create a constant in Dart, you can use the const keyword.

Naming Convention For Variable and Constant In Dart​

It is a good habit to follow the naming convention. In Dart Variables, the variable name should start with lower-case, and every second word’s first letter will be upper-case like num1, fullName, isMarried, etc. Technically, this naming convention is called lowerCamelCase.

Example​

// Incorrect Way
var fullname = "John Doe";
// Correct Way
var fullName = "John Doe";
const pi = 3.14;